Bibliography

The following is a comprehensive bibliography for tourism education. The list includes references for tourism education specifically and general references to higher education. Please help to keep the resource up to date and comprehensive by emailing suggestions to John Tribe for new items to be added.

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John Tribe's Tourism Education Bibliography

The following is a more general list of tourism books:

The Association of Tourism Teachers and Trainers Tourism and Hospitality Bibliography

 

John Tribe's Tourism Education Bibliography


A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Airey, D. and Frontistis, A., 1997, Attitudes to careers in tourism: an Anglo Greek comparison. Tourism Management. 18: 3, 149-158

Airey, D. and Johnson, S., 1998, The Profile of Tourism Studies Degree Courses in the UK: 1997/98, London, The National Liaison Group for Higher Education in Tourism

Airey, D. and Johnson, S., 1999, The content of degree courses in the UK, Tourism Management, 20: 229-235


Airey, D. and Middleton, V., 1984, Tourism education course syllabuses in the UK: A  review, Tourism Management, 5(1), 57-62


Airey, D. and Nightingale, M., 1981, Tourism occupations, career profile and knowledge, Annals of Tourism Research, 8(1)


Airey, D. and Tribe, J., 2000, Hospitality education, in C. Lashley and A. Morrison (eds.) In Search of Hospitality: Theoretical Perspectives and Debates, Oxford, Butterworth Heinemann


Airey, D., 1979, Tourism education in the United Kingdom, The Tourist Review, 34(3)


Airey, D., 1988, Cross cultural approaches to the teaching of tourism, paper delivered to, International Conference for Tourism Educators, Guildford, University of Surrey


Airey, D., 1990, Tourism education: a UK perspective, Tourism Education Conference Papers, Canberra, University of Canberra


Airey, D., 1990, Tourism in higher education in England: Requirements of higher level education in tourism, Report of the 40th Congress of AIEST, St. Gall, AIEST


Airey, D., 1994, Education for tourism in Poland: The Phare programme, Tourism Management, 15(6), pp. 467-471


Airey, D., 1995, Tourism Degrees - Past, Present and Future, Inaugural Professorial Lecture, The Nottingham Trent University


Airey, D., 1996, Tourism education and manpower development in Central and Eastern Europe, in G. Richards (ed.) Tourism in Central and Eastern Europe: Educating for quality, Tilberg, Tilberg University Press pp. 15-26


Airey, D., 1997, After 25 years of development: A view of the state of tourism education in the UK, in E. Laws (ed.), The ATTT Tourism Education Handbook, London, Tourism Society


Airey, D., 1998, Exploring the Links Between Education and Industry, paper delivered to, Tourism Education Exchange, University of Westminster


Airey, D., 1999, Education for tourism - East meets West, International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 1, 7-18


Airey, D., Ladkin, A. and Middleton, V., 1993, The Profile of Tourism Studies Degree Courses in the UK 1993, London, The National Liaison Group for Higher Education in Tourism


Amoah, V. and Baum, T., 1997, Tourism education: policy vs. practice, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 9(1): 5-12


Ankomah, P., and  Larson, R. T., 2000, Education tourism: a strategy to sustainable tourism development in sub-Saharan Africa, DPMN Bulletin, 79(1), pp.19-24

 

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z


Bachvarov, M., 1996, The current state of tourism and tourism education in Bulgaria, in G. Richards (ed.) Tourism in Central and Eastern Europe: Educating for quality, Tilberg, Tilberg University Press pp. 27-40


Baum, T., 1997, Tourism education - is it at a crossroads? Insights 8: A127 - A 131


Baum, T., and Nickson, D., 1998, Teaching human resource management in hospitality and tourism: a critique, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 10: 75-79


Baum, T., Amoah, V. and Spivack, S., 1997, Policy dimensions of human resource management in the tourism and hospitality industries, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 9(4/6), pp. 221-229.


Beaver, A., 1999, Travel Intermediaries - signposts towards the education and training required, paper presented at the 2nd Tourism Education Exchange, University of Westminster, 10th February


Becheri, E., 1990, The Italian situation of higher level education in tourism,  Revue de Tourisme,  45(4), pp. 10-14


Becton, S. and Graetz, B., 2001,  Small business - small minded? Training attitudes and needs of the tourism and hospitality industry, International Journal of Tourism Research, 3( 2), pp.105-113.


Bernier, C., 1997, Occupational map of tourism and leisure job titles, in E. Laws (ed.), The ATTT Tourism Education Handbook, London, Tourism Society


Bernthall, R., 1988, Designing curriculum: will industry participate?, paper presented to, International Conference for Tourism Educators, Guildford, University of Surrey


Berry-Lound, D., Batersby, D., and Parsons, D., 1991, Jobs in Tourism and Leisure: A Labour Market Review, London, British Tourist Authority


Blanton, D., 1981, Tourism training in developing countries, Annals of Tourism Research, 8:116-133


Bosselman, R. H., 1996, Issues of accreditation in hospitality and tourism education: the value controversy, Tourism Recreation Research, 21(2) pp.31-35


Botterill, D., 1992, Facing the challenge, Tourism Concern, 3


Botterill, D., 1996, Making Connections between Industry and Higher Education in Tourism, London, The National Liaison Group for Higher Education in Tourism


Botterill, D. and J. Tribe, 2000, Guideline 9: Benchmarking and the Higher Education Curriculum, London, National Liaison Group for Higher Education in Tourism.


Bowen, D., 1996, Tourism education, issues and perspectives: A UK case study, in G. Richards (ed.) Tourism in Central and Eastern Europe: Educating for quality, Tilberg, Tilberg University Press pp. 113-122


Bramwell, B., 1996, Sustainable Tourism Management Education in Europe, Tourism Management, 17(4): 307- 308


Bramwell, B., Goytia, A., and Henry, I., 1996, Developing sustainable tourism management education, in G. Richards (ed.) Tourism in Central and Eastern Europe: Educating for quality, Tilberg, Tilberg University Press pp. 207-224


Bratton, R. D., Go, F., and Ritchie, J. R. B., 1991, New Horizons in Tourism and Hospitality Education, Training and Research, Calgary, World Tourism Education and Research Centre


Broggi, M. (ed.), 1985, Sanfter Tourismus: Schlagwort oder Chance für den Alpenraum?, Vaduz, Commission Internationale pour la protection des Regions Alpines (CIPRA)


Brown, F., 1991, Training and the EC (conference report), Tourism Management, 12(3)


Buhalis, D., 1997, Information technologies in tourism, in E. Laws (ed.), The ATTT Tourism Education Handbook, London, Tourism Society


Buhalis, D., 1998, Infromation technologies in tourism: implications for the tourism curriculum, paper presented at ENTER - International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism, Istanbul, Turkey


Burkart, A. and Medlik, S., 1981, Tourism, Past, Present and Future, London, Heinemann


Burke, J. F., 1988, Teaching tourism in the USA, paper presented to, International Conference for Tourism Educators, Guildford, University of Surrey


Burns, P., 1998, From communist to common-weal: reflections on tourism training in Romania, Tourism Recreation Research, 23(2): 45-52


Burton, P., 1988, Building bridges between industry and education, paper presented to, International Conference for Tourism Educators, Guildford, University of Surrey


Busby, G., 1994, Tourism education or tourism training for the 1990s?, Journal of Further and Higher Education, 18(2), 3-9


Busby, G., 1995, The changing role of staff development for travel and tourism lecturers, Journal of the National Association for Staff Development in Further and Higher Education, 33


Busby, G., 2001, Vocationalism in higher education tourism courses: the British perspective, Journal of Further and Higher Education, 25(1): 29-43


Busby, G., Brunt, P. and Baber, S., 1997, Tourism sandwich placements: an appraisal, Tourism Management, 18(2), 105-110

Cassels, D., 1994, Employer / educator partnerships: Harnessing employers' contributions, paper presented to, NLG Conference, London

 

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Cave, P., 1997, Placements in Industry - Experience in the Lancashire Business School, London, The National Liaison Group for Higher Education in Tourism


Charles, K., 1992, Career influences, expectations, and perceptions of Caribbean hospitality and tourism students: a Third World perspective. Hospitality and Tourism Educator. 4: 3, 9-14


Charles, K. R., 1992, Career orientation and industry perceptions of Caribbean hotel and tourism management students, Social and Economic Studies , 41(1), pp.1-19


Charles, K., 1997, Tourism education and training in the Caribbean: Preparing for the 21st century, Progress in Tourism and Hospitality Research, 3, 189-197.


Chen, J. S., Chu, H. L. K. and Wu WuChung, 2000, Tourism students' perceptions of work values: a case of Taiwanese universities, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 12(6), pp. 360-365.


Chen, K. and Groves, D., 1999, The importance of examining philosophical relationships between tourism and hospitality curricula, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 11(1), 37-42


Chen, S. C., 1990, The outline of higher level education in tourism in China, Revue de Tourisme, 45(4), pp.24-27


Chernish, W. N. and Spivack, S. E., 1998, Assessing the need for mutual understanding: health education for tourism educators and tourism education for health educators, Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 3(1), pp.45-54


Chon, K.S. and Shin, H.J., Hospitality and tourism education in Korea, Hospitality Education and Research Journal, 13(3), 215-224


Christie-Mill, R., 1979, Tourism education: Its development and current status, Journal of Hospitality Education, 3(2)


Clarke, L., 1992, A strategic perspective on employment, education and training issues in the 1990s, in J. R. B. Ritchie and D. E. Hawkins (eds.), World Travel and Tourism Review, Oxford, CAB


Clegg, A., 1992, Educating for the industry, Tourism Concern, 3

Collins, S., Sweeney, A and Green, A., 1994, Training for the UK tour operating industry: advancing current practice, Tourism Management, 15(1), 5-8


Comic, D. K., 1989, Tourism as a subject of philosophical reflection, Revue de Tourisme, 44(2)


Conlin, M. V., 1991, Credible higher education in tourism: a Caribbean example, Tourism: building credibility for a credible industry. Proceedings of the Travel and Tourism Research Association twenty-second annual conference, Hyatt Regency Hotel, Long Beach, California, June 9-13, pp. 227-232


Conroy, B., 1997, Quality in education and training for tourism, in E. Laws (ed.), The ATTT Tourism Education Handbook, London, Tourism Society


Cook, R.A. and Yale, L.J., 1994, In search of a common body of knowledge for introductory tourism courses, Hospitality and Tourism Educator, 6(2), 39-42


Cooper, C. and Messenger, S., 1991, Tourism Education and Training for Tourism in Europe: A Comparative Framework, paper presented to the International Comngress for Education and Training in Tourism Professions, Milan, Italy, May


Cooper, C. and Shepherd, R., 1997, The Relationship Between Tourism Education and the Tourism Industry: Implications for Tourism Education, Tourism Recreation Research, 22(1), 34-47


Cooper, C. and Westlake, J., 1989, Tourism teaching into the 1990s, Tourism Management, 10(1), 69-73


Cooper, C. and Westlake, J., 1998, Stakeholders and tourism education: curriculum planning using a quality management framework, Industry and Higher Education, 1292): 93-100


Cooper, C. Shepherd, R. and Westlake, J., 1994, Tourism and Hospitality Education, Guildford, University of Surrey


Cooper, C. Shepherd, R. and Westlake, J., 1996, Educating the Educators: A Manual of Tourism and Hospitality Education, Madrid, WTO


Cooper, C., 1989, Education and training, in S. Witt, and L. Moutinho (eds.), Tourism Marketing and Management Handbook, London, Prentice Hall


Cooper, C., 1993, An analysis of the relationship between industry and education in travel and tourism, Teoros International, 1(1)


Cooper, C., 1997, A framework for curriculum planning in tourism and hospitality, in E. Laws (ed.), The ATTT Tourism Education Handbook, London, Tourism Society, 24-27


Cooper, C., Scales, R. and Westlake, J., 1992, The anatomy of tourism and hospitality education in the UK, Tourism Management, 13(2), 234-242


Cooper, M., 1997, The future of tourism education in New Zealand and Australia, Pacific Tourism Review, 1(2): 89-91


Cooper, M., 1997, Tourism planning and education in Vietnam: a profile 1995-2010, Pacific Tourism Review, 1(1): 57-63

Council for National Academic Awards, 1993, Review of Tourism Studies Degree Courses, London, CNAA


Cristureanu, C., 1996, The current state of tourism and tourism education in Romania, in G. Richards (ed.) Tourism in Central and Eastern Europe: Educating for quality, Tilberg, Tilberg University Press pp. 75-92


Crompton, J. L., 1991, A profile of students in recreation, park, and tourism doctoral programs at eight major US universities, Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 9(1), pp. 1-12


Cross, J., 1998, Tourism education: the international dimension, Tourism, 97: 16-17


Csizmadia, L., 1998, Phare help in developing rural tourism education system, Falusi Turizmus Tajekoztato, 1(4), pp.12-15.


Cummings, L. E. and Brewer, K. P., 1996, Issues facing education in an emerging aspect of tourism: the gaming industry, Tourism Recreation Research, 21(2), pp.63-68

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Daniele, R. and Mistilis, N., 1999, Information technology and tourism education in Australia: an industry view of skills and qualities required in graduates, In, Buhalis, D and Schertler, W. (eds.) Information and Communication Technologies, Springer-Verlag, Vienna, 140-150


Daurer, C., 2001, Qualification in tourism - a challenge for education and training, Tourism and Hospitality Management, 6(1/2), pp.1-12.


Davies, J., 1999, Language skills in the leisure and tourism industry, Tourism, 102: 20

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Echtner, C and Jamal, T., 1997, The disciplinary dilemma of tourism studies, Annals of Tourism Research, 24(4)


Echtner, C., 1994, Entrepreneurial training in developing countries, Annals of Tourism Research, 22(1):119-134


Echtner, C., 1995, Tourism education in developing nations: A three pronged approach, Tourism Recreation Research, 20(2): 32-41


Ellias, S., 1992, The future of tourism and hospitality management courses, Tourism Management, 13(1)


Enghagen, L.K., 1990, Ethics in hospitality and tourism education: A survey, Hospitality Research Journal, 14(2): 113-118


Enghagen, L.K., 1990, Teaching ethics in hospitality and tourism education, Hospitality Research Journal, 14(2): 467-474


European Institute of Education and Social Policy, 1991, Education for Careers in European Travel and Tourism: An Industry Survey, Paris, European Institute of Education and Social Policy


Evans, J., 1993, Tourism graduates: a case of over production?, Tourism Management, 14(4)

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Fayos-Sola, E., 1997, An introduction to TEDQUAL: a methodology for quality in tourism education and training, Madrid, WTO.


Fennell, D., and Nilson, R., 1998, The development of human resources through ecotourism, Tourism Recreation Research, 23(1): 82-84


Fletcher, J. and Latham, J., 1989, International tourism training, Tourism Management, 10(2)


Formica, S., 1996, European hospitality and tourism education: differences with the American model and future trends, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 15(4): 317-323


Formica, S., 1997, The development of hospitality and tourism education in Italy, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Education, 9(3)


Fox, R., 1998, Hospitality management education and quality tourism, Tourism and Hospitality Management, 4(2), pp.331-339


Further Education Funding Council (FEFC), 1998, Hotel and Catering (including leisure, tourism and travel) Curriculum Area Survey Report, Coventry, FEFC

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

 

Gamble, P. R., 1992, The educational challenge for hospitality and tourism studies, Tourism Management, 13(1)


Gee, C., 1980, Professionalisation and travel industry education, The Journal of Hospitality Education, 4(2)


Getz, D., 1994,  Students' work experiences, perceptions and attitudes towards careers in hospitality and tourism: a longitudinal case study in Spey Valley, Scotland. International Journal of Hospitality Management. 13: 1, 25-37


Go, F., 1981, Co-operative education and tourism training, Annals of Tourism Research, 8(I)


Go, F., 1988, Globalization and Emerging Tourism Education Issues, paper delivered to, Tourism Education Exchange, University of Westminster


Go, F., 1994, Emerging Issues in tourism education, in W. Theobald (ed.), Global Tourism: The Next Decade, London UK, Butterworth Heinemann


Go, F., and Mok, C., 1995, Hotel and tourism management education: building a centre of excellence in Hong Kong, Tourism Recreation Research, 20(2): 46-57


Godau, A., 1991, Developing tourism managers - the Friedrich List Hoschule in Dresden, Tourism Management, 12(3)


Goeldner, C. R., 1988, The evaluation of tourism as an industry and a discipline, paper presented to, International Conference for Tourism Educators, Guildford, University of Surrey


Golembski, G., 1991, The needs of a higher level education in tourism in post-communist countries of Middle-Eastern Europe (as illustrated by Poland), Tourist Review, No.1, 3-5


Goodenough, R. and Page, S., 1993, Planning for tourism education and training in the 1990s: Bridging the gap between industry and education, Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 17(1)


Grgona, J., 1997, Role and importance of tourism staff at the turn of the millennium, Acta Turistica, 9(1): 91-106


Groves, D., 1996, A framework for the analysis of leisure-based academic and certification programs in travel and tourism, Hospitality and Tourism Educator, 8(1): 54-56


Guangrui, Z., 1987, Tourism education in PR China, Tourism Management, 8(3), 262-266


Guerrier, Y., 1991, Developing and assessing management competencies on undergraduate hotel and tourism degrees, in R. Bratten, F. Go, and J. R. B. Ritchie (eds.), New Horizons in Tourism and Hospitality Education, Training and Research, (Conference Proceedings)


Gunn, C., 1984, Tourism education: filling the void, Tourism Management, 5(2)


Gunn, C., 1992, The need for multi-disciplinary tourism education, World Travel and Tourism Review, 2: 265-271


Gunn, C., 1998, Issues in Tourism Curricula, Journal of Travel Research, 36(4) 74-77

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Hall, C. M. and Weiler, B., 1989, Trends and issues in tertiary tourism education in Australia, Occasional Paper No. 1, Lismore, Australian Institute of Tourism Industry Management, University of New England


Hall, C. M., 1991, Tourism as the subject of post-graduate dissertations in Australia, Annals of Tourism Research, 18(1)


Hawes, B., 1988, Education and the Tourism Industry: Meeting the Challenge Together, London, English Tourist Board


Hawkins, D. and Hunt J., 1988, Travel and tourism professional education, Hospitality and Tourism Educator, 1(1)


Hawkins, D., and Goldblatt, J., 1995, Event management: implications for tourism education, Tourism Recreation Research, 20(2): 42-45


Haywood, K.M. and Maki, K., 1992, A conceptual model of the education employment interface for the tourism industry, World Travel and Tourism Review, Vol.2, 237-248


Haywood, K.M., 1989, A radical proposal for hospitality and tourism education, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 8(4), 259-264


Hegarty, J.A., 1990, Ethics in tourism and hospitality education, International Journal of Hospitality Management 9(2): 106-109


Her Majesty's Inspectorate, 1992, Higher Education in the Polytechnics and Colleges, Hotel, Catering and Tourism Management, London, DES


Hobson, J., 1995, The development of hospitality and tourism education in Australia, Hospitality and Tourism Educator, 7(4): 25-29


Holloway, C., 1996, The tourism core curriculum: A role for behavioural studies?, in G. Richards (ed.) Tourism in Central and Eastern Europe: Educating for quality, Tilberg, Tilberg University Press pp. 123-136


Holloway, J. C., 1993, Labour, Vocational Education and Training, in W. Pompl and P. Lavery (eds) Tourism in Europe - Structures and Developments, Oxford, CAB International


Holloway, J. C., 1995, Towards a Core Curriculum for Tourism: A Discussion Paper, London, The National Liaison Group for Higher Education in Tourism


Holloway, C., 1998, Learning and earning: reassessing the aims and purposes of a tourism degree, in G. Richards (ed.) Developments in the European Tourism Curriculum, Tilberg, ATLAS, pp. 7-18.


Hope, C. A. and Muhlemann, A. P., 1998, Total quality, human resource management and tourism, Tourism Economics, 4(4), pp. 367-386.


Howell, R. and Uysal, M., 1987, Tourism education for developing countries, Tourism Management, 8(1)


Howie, F., 1996, Skills, understanding and knowledge for sustainable tourism, in G. Richards (ed.) Tourism in Central and Eastern Europe: Educating for quality, Tilberg, Tilberg University Press pp. 183-206


Hultsman, J., 1995, Just tourism. An ethical framework, Annals of Tourism Research, 22(3)


Hunter-Jones, J., 1997, Developing a methodology to identify the content of disciplines in tourism, in E. Laws (ed ), The ATTT Tourism Education Handbook, London, Tourism Society (61-62)

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IUCN Commission on Education and Communication, 1992, Educating for Sustainable Tourism, Slovenia, University of Ljubljana

 

 

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Jafari, J. and Ritchie J. R. B., 1981, Towards a framework for tourism education, Annals of Tourism Research, 8(1)


Jafari, J. and Aaser, D., 1988, Tourism as the subject of doctoral dissertations, Annals of Tourism Research, 15


Jafari, J., 1990, Research and scholarship: The basis of tourism education, Journal of Tourism Studies, 1(1): 33-41


Jandala, C., 1997, Education as a quality factor of tourism, Tourist Review, 52(4): 18-21


Jaspers, G., 1987, International harmonization of tourism education, Annals of Tourism Research, 14(4)


Jithendran, K. J. and Baum, T., 2000, Human resources development and sustainability - the case of Indian tourism, International Journal of Tourism Research, 2(6), pp. 403-421.

 

Jolin, L., 1999,  Higher education in tourism: new routes to consider, Revue de Recherche en Tourisme, 18(3), pp.58-61


Jovicic, Z., 1988, A plea for tourismological theory and methodology, Revue de Tourisme, 43(3)


Jung, B. and Mierzejewska, B., 1996, Tourism Education in Poland: an overview, in G. Richards (ed.) Tourism in Central and Eastern Europe: Educating for quality, Tilberg, Tilberg University Press pp. 57-68

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Kaplan, A., 1982, A management approach to hospitality and tourism education, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 1(1)


Kasper, C., 1989, Recent developments in tourism research and education at the university level, in S. Witt and L. Moutinho, Tourism Marketing and Management Handbook, New York, Prentice Hall


Ketyer, E., 1982, Tourism education in formal education, Conference Proceedings of TTRA, Salt Lake City, University of Utah


King, B., 1990, Higher education in tourism - the UK, Australia and New Zealand experiences, Massey Journal of Asian and Pacific Business, 2(3)


King, B., 1994, Tourism higher education in island microstates, Tourism Management, 15(4), pp. 267-272


King, B., 1996, A regional approach to tourism education and training in Oceana: progress and prospects, Progress in Tourism and Hospitality Research, 2(1): 87-101.


Khwaja, H. S. and Bosselman, R. H., 1990, Cultural adjustment of international graduate students in American hospitality and tourism programs, Hospitality Research Journal, 14(2), pp. 75-82.


Királová, A., 1996, Tourism Education in Slovenia in a European context, in a G. Richards (ed.) Tourism in Central and Eastern Europe: Educating for quality, Tilberg, Tilberg University Press pp. 93-102


Kivela, J., 1997, Education and training of hotel and tourism managers in Croatia,  Turizam 45(5/6), 107-124


Kivela, J., 1997, The globalization of hotel and tourism management education in Croatia: part 2, Turizam 45(7/8), 159-173


Knutson, B. and Patton, M., 1992, How prepared am I to succeed in the hospitality industry?, Hospitality and Tourism Educator, 3(1)


Koh, K., 1994, Tourism education for the 1990s, Annals of Tourism Research, 21(3)


Koh, K., 1995, Designing the four-year tourism management curriculum: a marketing approach, Journal of Travel Research, Summer, pp. 68-72


Korzay, M., 1987, Tourism education in Turkey, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 6(1), 43-48


Koshizucha, M., Umemura, M., Mori, M., Horiuchi, M., and Shishido, M., 1998, Tourism education at four-year universities in Japan, In, B.Faulkner, et al. (eds.), Progress in Tourism and Hospitality Research 1998, Proceedings of the 8th Australian Tourism and Hospitality Research Conference (pp. 577-578), Canberra, Bureau of Tourism Research

Kusluvan, S. and Kusluvan, K, 2000, Perceptions and attitudes of undergraduate tourism students towards working in the tourism industry in Turkey, Tourism Management, 21:3, 251-269

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Lam, T. and  Xiao,  H., 2000, Challenges and constraints of hospitality and tourism education in China, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 12(5), pp.291-295.


Lavery, P., 1989, Education and training in tourism, in S. Witt & L. Moutinho, Tourism Marketing and Management Handbook, New York, Prentice Hall (119-122)


Lavery, P., 1993, The future of tourism degree studies in the UK, Tourism


Laws, E. (ed.), 1997, The ATTT Tourism Education Handbook, London, Tourism Society


Laws, E., 1995, NVQs and GNVQs in tourism education, Tourism, 86: 18-19


Lawson, M., 1974, Teaching Tourism: Education and Training in Western Europe: A Comparative Study, London, Tourism International Press


Leiper, N., 1981, Towards a cohesive curriculum in tourism: The case for a distinct discipline, Annals of Tourism Research, 7(1)


Leiper, N., 1990, Tourism systems: An interdisciplinary perspective, Occasional Paper 2, Palmerston, Massey University


Leslie, D, 1993, Higher education for hospitality and tourism: a European destination, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 12(1), pp. 101-107.


Leslie, D. and Richardson, A., 2000, Tourism and cooperative education in UK undergraduate courses: are the benefits being realised? Tourism Management, 21(5), pp.489-498,


Littlejohn, D. and Watson, S., 1990, Management development for hospitality and tourism: Management development approaches for the 1990s, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management (Supplement), 2(2)


Lundberg, C., 1998, A prolegomen to course design in hospitality management: Fundamental considerations, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Education, 10(2): 26-30

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McIntosh, R. and Walther, C., 1981, Teaching tourism in 4-year degree program, Annals of Tourism Research, 7(1)


McIntosh, R., van Weenen, I. and Shafer, E., 1983, Tourism education, Tourism Management, 4(2), pp. 134-139.


McIntosh, R. W., 1992, Early tourism education in the United States, Journal of Tourism Studies, 3(1), pp. 2-7


McKercher. B., Williams. A. and  Coghlan, I., 1995, Career progress of recent tourism graduates. Tourism Management. 16: 7, 541-545


Machin, A., 1997, Tourism and the information society: a reexamination of tourism history in relation to education and proposals for a new perspective based on a theoretical model, Discussion Papers in Tourism and Hospitality Management - Leeds Metropolitan University, No. 21.


Medlik, S., 1965, Higher Education and Research in Tourism in Western Europe, Study Tour Report, unpublished


Medlik, S., 1987, University Studies in Tourism, Suva, Tourism Council of the South Pacific


Messenger, S., 1991, The UK hospitality and tourism industry; an overview of the issues affecting the supply of education and training in the 1990s, in C. Cooper (ed.), Progress in Tourism Recreation and Hospitality Management Vol. III, London, Belhaven


Middleton, V. and Ladkin, A., 1996, The Profile of Tourism Studies Degree Courses in the UK 1995/96, London, The National Liaison Group for Higher Education in Tourism


Middleton, V., 1996, Insights forum: tourism education: is it at a cross-roads? Insights, 8(6): A179-A181


Mistilis, N. and Daniele, R., 2000, Education and Australian government policy: delivering information technology outcomes for tourism businesses? Information Technology and Tourism, 3(1), pp.3-14.


Moilliet, D., 1990, Expectations of training and educational needs in two-year hospitality and tourism programs, Hospitality Research Journal, 14(2), pp. 129-142.


Moscardo, G., 1997, Making mindful managers, The Journal of Tourism Studies, 8(1)


Murphy, P., 1981, Tourism course proposal for a social science curriculum, Annals of Tourism Research, 7(1)


Murphy, P., 1992, Community partnerships: the need for mutual education, World Travel and Tourism Review, Vol.2, 273-281.

 

 

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